DISBIOSE INTESTINAL EM CÃES – ASPECTOS FISIOPATOLÓGICOS, DIAGNÓSTICO E TRATAMENTO
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.25110/arqvet.v29i1.2026-12769Palavras-chave:
Cães, Disbiose intestinal, Microbioma intestinal, Saúde gastrintestinal.Resumo
A microbiota intestinal de cães e gatos constitui um ecossistema complexo formado por bactérias, arqueias, fungos, vírus e outros microrganismos que desempenham papel essencial na manutenção da homeostase do hospedeiro. Além de participar da digestão e do metabolismo de nutrientes, a microbiota contribui para a integridade da barreira intestinal, modulação do sistema imunológico, síntese de metabólitos bioativos e comunicação com diferentes órgãos por meio de eixos fisiológicos, como o eixo intestino-cérebro. Alterações na composição e na função dessa comunidade microbiana, caracterizadas como disbiose, estão associadas a diversas enfermidades gastrintestinais e sistêmicas, incluindo enteropatias crônicas, obesidade, diabetes mellitus, doença renal crônica, dermatopatias e alterações comportamentais. Esta revisão reúne os principais conhecimentos sobre a constituição e as funções do microbioma intestinal em cães e gatos, discutindo os fatores envolvidos na instalação da disbiose, como dieta, envelhecimento, doenças primárias e uso de antimicrobianos. Também são abordadas as principais ferramentas diagnósticas atualmente disponíveis, com destaque para o índice fecal de disbiose e biomarcadores relacionados ao microbioma, bem como as estratégias terapêuticas empregadas na modulação da microbiota, incluindo intervenção nutricional, prebióticos, probióticos, simbióticos e transplante de microbiota fecal. Embora avanços significativos tenham sido alcançados na compreensão da interação entre microbioma e hospedeiro, ainda existem importantes lacunas quanto à padronização dos métodos diagnósticos, à identificação de biomarcadores funcionais e à eficácia das diferentes abordagens terapêuticas.
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Copyright (c) 2026 Maria Anete Lallo, Felipe Saab Romano
Este trabalho está licenciado sob uma licença Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
